Promissory Estoppel

1. The defendant made a promise that was clear and unambiguous in its terms;
2. The promisee or a third person relied on the promise by acting, or forbearing to act;
3. The reliance was both reasonable and foreseeable;
4. The party asserting the estoppel was injured by his or her reliance (“detrimental reliance”); and
5. Injustice can be avoided only by enforcement of the promise.

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